Following an earthquake, survival hinges on various factors such as weather and the availability of water and air. Victims who escape severe injuries can survive for several days, provided the temperatures are not extreme.
In the aftermath of a destructive earthquake in western Colombia, rescue teams are working tirelessly to locate survivors. Most rescues occur within the first 24 hours, and chances diminish with each passing day, as most individuals suffer significant injuries or become buried beneath debris.
Successful rescues have occurred in dire situations. A teenager and his grandmother were rescued after nine days following the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami. Similarly, a 16-year-old girl in Haiti was found alive after 15 days in the rubble.
Geophysicist Victor Tsai from Brown University explains the importance of a survivable void space. Victims benefit from being in pockets of debris-free areas, such as under a sturdy desk, which help prevent critical injuries.
Emergency response expert Dr. Joseph Barbera emphasizes that factors like fire, smoke, or hazardous chemicals can lower survival odds. Air to breathe and water to drink are vital, especially as days pass. Barbera states, “You could survive a while without food. You could survive less without water.” Temperature impacts both survival and rescue operations.
In Colombia, assistance has come from Latin American countries. Most fatalities were reported in cities such as Cali, Pereira, Manizales, and Quibdo. However, details on rural areas remain scarce. Hope endures, exemplified by a 32-year-old woman rescued from a collapsed building in Pereira after 36 hours.
Before extracting survivors, caretakers must deliver essential medical attention, Barbera notes. Toxicity buildup from crushed muscles can induce shock post-rescue.
Earthquake Survival Tips
Effective survival strategies differ globally, contingent on local building practices and earthquake readiness. In many places, including the U.S., expert advice includes dropping, seeking cover, and holding on during the quake unless near an exit. Secure yourself under robust furniture creating a protected void, and shield your face from dust and debris.
If trapped, conserve energy and ration resources. Pay attention for rescue efforts and search for items to make noise. Use phones sparingly, saving battery for brief contact attempts each day.
The AP Health and Science Department, supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, remains the sole content authority.
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