Nearly 1,000 individuals in Michigan have been diagnosed with a parasitic infection known as cyclospora. This outbreak is the largest in the state’s history and among the largest in the United States in recent years. Fortunately, no deaths have been reported so far, though the source of the infection remains unidentified. Investigations into similar outbreaks are ongoing in 28 other states, including Ohio, where cases have appeared near the Michigan border.
Current Situation
Michigan officials initially announced the outbreak with over 170 confirmed cases in the southeastern region. By the following week, the number had surged to 992, resulting in about 40 hospitalizations. Lucas County in Ohio reported 306 cases, as northwest Ohio documented over 400 instances.
According to Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian, Michigan’s chief medical executive, there is a clearly linked outbreak occurring. However, pinpointing the exact sources of cyclospora infections can be challenging.
Understanding Cyclospora
Cyclospora is a microscopic parasite that often results in watery diarrhea with frequent bowel movements. The illness, termed cyclosporiasis, is generally not life-threatening and is usually treatable with antibiotics. Most outbreaks tend to occur during late spring and summer.
The parasite infects the digestive tract and spreads via feces. In past cases, people contracted the infection through consumption of fruits or vegetables contaminated by fecal matter. Although it’s less common than other foodborne illnesses like salmonella, cyclospora cases have been rising, partly due to climate change and improved detection methods.
Historical Outbreaks
Documented cyclospora outbreaks in the U.S. exceeding 1,000 cases are rare. Notable past outbreaks include a 1997 incident linked to Guatemalan raspberries affecting over 1,000 individuals and a 2019 event associated with Mexican basil sickening more than 2,400 people.
Melanie Firestone, a University of Minnesota foodborne illness researcher, notes that underreporting contributes to the difficulty in determining the true scale of outbreaks. Tests often miss detecting cyclospora, and technicians cannot cultivate the parasite in labs.
Protecting Yourself
If you experience persistent diarrhea, consult a healthcare provider and mention the possibility of cyclospora. To prevent infection, avoid potentially contaminated food and water. Thoroughly wash fresh produce prior to consumption; however, note that washing may not completely eliminate the risk of cyclospora.
Current recommendations from Michigan officials include opting for whole heads of lettuce instead of bagged versions and removing the outer leaves before washing. Cooking vegetables when possible is also advised to reduce infection risk.
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