ADHD and Increased Mortality Risk: New Insights from a JAMA Network Review

Researchers have revealed a significant finding for individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A review in JAMA Network Open indicates a roughly 71% higher risk of early death compared to those without ADHD. However, ADHD medication may reduce this risk.

The study analyzed 19 observational studies involving nearly 16 million people across three continents. The researchers evaluated long-term effects of ADHD, focusing on both unnatural causes of death, such as injuries and suicides, and natural causes, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

“We found that people with ADHD face an increased risk not only of death by suicide and injury but also of deaths from natural causes, adding to evidence that health inequalities faced by people with ADHD are broad and wide-ranging,” said Joshua Stott, professor of aging and clinical psychology at University College London.

Suicide risk nearly doubled in those with ADHD, with an 89% increase, while deaths from intentional or unintentional injuries saw a 55% rise. Additionally, there was a 27% higher risk of death from natural causes, often linked to smoking, substance use, and difficulties in managing chronic conditions.

An analysis within the study highlighted that those on prescribed ADHD medication had a 25% lower risk of death from any cause, pointing towards potential benefits of effective treatment. Stott emphasized the non-life-limiting nature of ADHD when treated properly, advocating for accurate diagnosis and treatment access.

However, the study acknowledges several limitations. As all included studies were observational, they show associations rather than causal links. The findings on medication stem from just three studies, making them preliminary.

“Our findings provide early evidence to suggest that medication may play an important role in supporting the health of people with ADHD, but this is based on a small number of studies and further research is needed to clarify this link,” stated Lucy Corrigan from the University of Liverpool.

The review also noted variability across studies due to differences in diagnostic criteria, healthcare access, and socioeconomic factors.

Khloe Quill, a lifestyle writer for Fox News Digital, reported on this study, emphasizing that comprehensive, long-term treatment and support are crucial for those with ADHD.