In Lowell, Massachusetts, 82-year-old Eileen Castle’s swimming pool remains unused even as temperatures climb. This summer, the pool’s appeal fades due to concerns over a nearby data center. Castle worries about the impact of the facility’s operations on air quality and children’s health in the area.
High temperatures increase electricity demand for data centers, exacerbating local air quality issues. In communities like Lowell’s Sacred Heart neighborhood, the presence of data centers sparks environmental concerns. The neighborhood, identified as facing higher environmental and health risks, consists mostly of low-income families. State Representative Tara Hong highlights the strain data centers place on these communities, emphasizing their impact on working families.
Challenges of Operating Data Centers
Data centers face tough conditions during heatwaves. Shaolei Ren, a professor at the University of California, Riverside, explains that servers generate heat, requiring either energy-intensive refrigeration or water-intensive evaporative cooling. Backup diesel generators sometimes act as a precaution during high demand, affecting air quality.
The Markley Group, operator of a Lowell data center, reports limited generator use during power disruptions. The company states it has planted over 2,000 trees to improve air quality around the area.
Community Concerns Over Data Center Development
The Markley Group chose Lowell for its water resources, vital for cooling processes. However, the facility’s expansion has led to tensions. Residents like Castle initially supported its development, but recent expansions have drawn criticism.
Lowell’s City Council responded by passing a one-year moratorium on further data center expansion. Jonathan Koomey, a researcher, notes that while national data center electricity use has been moderate, environmental and economic concerns are significant locally.
During extreme heat, more power is needed to cool data centers, straining power grids. The North American Electric Reliability Corporation has issued alerts regarding the challenges posed by AI data centers.
Community Tensions and Opposition
This week, tensions rose when a 14-year-old girl was temporarily detained for speaking out at a community forum on data center zoning. Opposition groups clash with facility supporters, complicating discussions on the industry’s impact.
Mayor Erik Gitschier defended the focus on maintaining order during these talks, acknowledging the strong emotions involved. Warm weather and passionate views contributed to the atmosphere at the meeting.
The situation reflects broader debates about the role of data centers in communities facing environmental risks and economic challenges.
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